Volume 19, Special Edition, 2023

LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

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EDITORIAL COMMENTS

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THE ROLE OF SIWES IN ENHANCING LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE STUDENTS’ EMPLOYMENT AND EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS

Abstract
The aim of this research work is to determine the role of Students Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) in enhancing Library and Information Science (LIS) students’ employment and employability skills. The objectives of this research work include the following to: discuss the concept and benefits of IT/SIWES to LIS students, find out the employable skills enhanced through SIWES, find out the challenges limiting the achievement of SIWES, and identify the strategies for enhancing SIWES effectiveness and efficiency. The study found that: the industrial training in organizations enhances effectiveness of individuals involved, and leads to job satisfaction of employees. In conclusion, industrial training enhances effectiveness of individuals involved. The researchers therefore recommends that, the period allotted to IT/SIWES should be increased, there should be effective monitoring and supervision of both supervisors and students, there should be better placement strategies. Organizations should always accept students for SIWES and students should be placed in their areas of discipline within the industry for training; and the allowance given to students should be increased and paid during the period of students’ industrial work experience scheme (SIWES). This would help them to at least cater for some of their financial needs for the period of their training.
Keywords: Training, SIWES, Skills, Library and Information Science Students

AFOLABI, ADEOLA F. (Ph.D) and TAGWAI, AMINU

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RETHINKING FEE-BASED LIBRARY SERVICES FOR WEALTH CREATION IN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN THE 21ST CENTURY

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to evoke the idea of fee-based university libraries services, and to examine areas of library services that could be employed for wealth creation in Nigeria, in the 21st century. The exploratory study was adopted for the study. The strategies for rethinking fee- based university library services for wealth creation revealed in the study includes reprographic services; bindery services, digital library services, charging and discharging of library materials, in terms of overdue fine. Challenges include financial limitations or poor funding, whether deliberate or accidental, it tends to reduce the ability of the university library to fully achieve their primary goal of meeting the information needs of the community it serves. As recommendations, university libraries and librarians should be equipped with the necessary skills and facilities tailored towards rethinking fee-based library services for income generation. Finally, boosting the library image to world class standard is of paramount importance, in this 21st century. Library services to patrons should be provided by the university libraries, especially the internet and internet of things, in line with the global best practices.
Keywords: Fee-based Library Services, Libraries, Librarians, University Libraries and Wealth Creation.

CHIOMA CLARISTA ONOH and GODWIN SUNDAY EZEH

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CURRICULUM IMPLEMENTATION AND THE PROSPECTS OF SELF- EMPLOYMENT AMONG LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE STUDENTS IN UNIVERSITIES IN SOUTH-SOUTH, NIGERIA

Abstract
This study examined curriculum implementation and the prospects of self-employment among library and information science students in universities in South-South Nigeria. Two research questions and two hypotheses were formulated to guide the study covering the influence of acquisition of library and information science brokerage skills on the prospects of self- employment and the extent to which acquisition of library and information science information publishing skills influence the prospects of self-employment. Descriptive survey design was used with a population of 416 final year students from four universities of Department of Library and Information Science in South-South Nigeria. A sample of 208 students were selected using multi stage sampling approach involving stratified, purposive and simple random sampling techniques. For appropriate data collection, a structured instrument entitled “Curriculum Implementation and the Prospects of Self-Employment Questionnaire (CIPSEQ)” was used for the study. The research data was analysed with descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings revealed that there is a significant influence of information brokerage skills on the prospects of self-employment (*p<.05, df=2,202, p=.018) and acquisition of publishing skills significantly influence the prospects of self- employment ((*p<.05, df=2,202, p=.000). It was concluded that the variables under study was found to enhance the students’ prospects of self-employment. The study therefore, recommends among others include that encouragement such as financial incentives should be given to students to enable them sustain what they have all learnt in school thereby establishing their own business and becoming self-reliant.
Keywords: Curriculum Implementation, Library and Information Science Students. Prospects, Self-Employment,

DR. EMMANUEL U. OMINI (CLN)

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ANALYSIS OF RELEVANT CAREER OPPORTUNITIES FOR NIGERIAN STUDENTS PURSUING LIS DEGREES.

Abstract
Librarianship is an important and dynamic profession that provides a wide range of career opportunities for students in Nigeria. Overall, this paper aims to demonstrate the wide range of career opportunities available in librarianship and to encourage Nigerian students to explore this exciting and rewarding profession. It explores the various career paths available in librarianship and how Nigerian students can prepare themselves for success in this field. The paper begins by discussing what library, librarian, and librarianship are all about. It then examines the different roles and responsibilities of librarians, including reference and instruction services, collection development, cataloging and metadata, and information literacy instruction. Next, the paper explores the various types of libraries and librarians in Nigeria, such as academic libraries, public libraries, and special libraries, and the career opportunities that each offers. Finally, the paper provides recommendations for Nigerian students interested in pursuing a career in librarianship, including suggestions for coursework, internships, and professional development opportunities. >br>Keywords: Libraries, Librarians, Librarianship, Professional development opportunities, career opportunities

AROUQ OLAKUNLE MALIK PATRICK PHANUEL UMORIYA KEHINDE JOY ALABA and AKPAMA THERESA ELEOJO

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MENTORING LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE (LIS) STUDENTS FOR SUCCESSFUL CAREER PATH IN THE DIGITAL ERA

Abstract The field of Library and Information Science (LIS) is experiencing significant expansion because of new technological innovations. This expansion has created a chasm between LIS education and practices, especially in developing nations like Nigeria. The discipline of library and information science is intended to train information professionals who can employ new technologies to serve diverse stakeholders for development purposes, but with what is obtainable now, librarians in these developing countries are less equipped through formal training for the technological demand in library services. Since these skills are not fully acquired in today’s library education, many strategies, especially mentoring, should be adopted at the professional, institutional, and individual levels. To ensure continuity and relevance as well as being positioned to apply best practices in the global information society. This study discussed the need of mentoring LIS students for a successful career path in this digital era, and suggested several mentoring programs that can be adopted in LIS education. Amidst several recommendations, the researcher exhorts LIS professional organizations such as LRCN and NLA to develop a formal mentoring policy that will guide the mentoring programs of LIS schools as part of their continuous learning program. This will help produce confident future professionals who possess the necessary digital skills to function effectively in a modern environment.
Keywords: Mentoring, Library and Information Science Education, Career path, Information and Communication Technology, Digital era

EKWELEM, CHUKWUNAZA N.

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PROMOTING EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES FOR LIBRARIANS THROUGH FEE-BASED LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SERVICE DELIVERY IN FEDERAL MINISTRY LIBRARIES, ABUJA, NIGERIA.

Abstract
The study investigated the promotion of employment opportunities for librarian through fee- based library and Information service delivery in federal ministry Libraries, Abuja, Nigeria. Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The population of the study is 135 which is made up of the entire librarians in the 46 Federal Ministries in Federal Capital Territory, Abuja Nigeria. Total enumeration technique was used for the study since the population size is small and accessible. Questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondents, while the data collected was analyzed using mean and standard deviation. The findings revealed that, librarians working in federal ministry Libraries, Abuja, Nigeria only engage in organizing private libraries and information consultancy services which shows low involvement of librarians to promote their employment opportunities and diversify their income. The extent to which the delivery of fee-based library and Information service can promote employment opportunities for librarians in federal ministry Libraries, Abuja, Nigeria is very high. This is because it will help librarians to diversify their income, and help the librarians to save money easily. However, their low involvement is caused by challenges such as lack of inforpreneurship mindset among librarians, lack of recognition of the roles of librarians by the society, inadequate marketing of fee-based information services among librarians, low self-efficacy and confidence among librarian to offer fee-based services, and inadequate digital skills among librarians. The study recommended among others that, the librarians should acquire the required digital skills that will make the society to demand for their services and being very ready to pay for such services.
Keywords: Librarian, Fee-based Library and Information Service, Employment Opportunities, Inforpreneurship, Freelance Librarianship.

OWRAIGBO, LUCKY OGHOGHO BERNARD

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LEVERAGING CLOUD COMPUTING FOR ENHANCED LIBRARY SERVICES AND EFFICIENT INFORMATION DELIVERY IN THE DIGITAL AGE.

Abstract
Cloud computing offers libraries an opportunity to proactively restructure their service delivery and provide efficient information resources to their patrons. This paper explores the role of cloud computing in transforming library services to meet the demands of the digital age. The paper examines various cloud computing services, including Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as a Service (SaaS), and discusses their benefits and characteristics. Furthermore, it explores different cloud deployment models, such as public, private, community, and hybrid clouds, and highlights their respective advantages. The researchers emphasize that cloud computing can empower libraries to share distributed resources, provide real-time information access, and participate in a network of libraries, thereby enhancing collaboration and resource utilization. Additionally, the paper discusses the potential benefits of cloud-based applications in education, business, data storage, entertainment, and other areas. It outlines how cloud computing enables libraries to store, manage, and distribute information resources effectively, facilitating information discovery, sharing, and collaboration. The advantages of cloud computing in terms of cost savings, flexibility, scalability, and accessibility are also highlighted. Finally, the paper addresses potential challenges and problems that libraries may encounter when implementing cloud-based services. Overall, the study underscores the transformative potential of cloud computing for libraries and suggests means to enhance library services in the digital age using cloud technology-enabled solutions.
Keywords: Cloud Computing, Cloud Computing in Libraries, Library Services, Information delivery, Digital Library.

OKIKE, BENEDICT O. I and OMALI, THERESA O.

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EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS AND COMPETENCIES OF WORKING PROFESSIONALS: EMERGING TREND IN LIBRARY RESOURCE ORGANISATION LEVERAGING ON RDA

Abstract
This research aims to explore the relationship between employability skills, competencies, and the changing landscape of library resource organization in the context of emerging library trends. The employability skills and competencies of working professionals are crucial to their success in the modern workforce. One emerging trend in resource organization is the use of Resource Description and Access (RDA) to improve employability skills and competencies among library professionals. By using RDA, library professionals can create more accurate and comprehensive records for their collections, which can help improve the overall user experience. Additionally, RDA can help library professionals develop a broader set of skills and competencies, such as cataloguing, metadata management, and data analysis. Employers are increasingly looking for candidates with these types of skills and competencies, as they are critical for managing and organizing information in the modern workplace. By leveraging RDA, library professionals can position themselves as valuable contributors to their organizations, and as individuals with a diverse set of skills that are in high demand. Overall, the use of RDA in resource organization represents an important emerging trend in the field of library science. By embracing this trend, library professionals can enhance their employability skills and competencies, and position themselves for success in the modern workforce.
Keywords: Employability skills, competencies, working professionals, library resource organization, Resource Description and Access (RDA), Emerging Library Trend.

IJANTIKU, MOSES CHARLES CLN, NLA and DR. MUSA DAUDA BASSI CLN, NLA

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LEVERAGING ON LIS STUDENTS INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR ENHANCING GRADUATE EMPLOYMENT AND EMPLOYABILITY

Abstract
This study discussed the effects of students industrial training and the chances for enhanced employment and employability. It used a descriptive survey research design and guided by two research questions, and two hypotheses. All undergraduates from Ignatius Ajuru University of Education who participated in industrial training made up the studys population. Three hundred and forty (340) participants made up the sample size for this study, which used a simple random sampling technique. Impact of Students Industrial Training and Opportunities for Enhanced Employment and Employability Questionnaire (ISITOEEEQ) was the name of the questionnaire that was created by the researchers. With the use of the SPSS version 25 computer program, the research questions were answered using the mean and standard deviation, while the hypotheses were tested using the Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient statistics. Tests were conducted at a 0.05 level of significance. It was shown that students opportunities for industrial training and work have an impact on their employability. As a result, to increase their employability throughout industrial training, students should be encouraged to participate and be ready for field work.
Keywords: Impact, Students Industrial Training, Industrial Training, Opportunities, Employment, Employability

IFY EVANGEL OBIM and VICTOR WAGWU

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FEE BASED SERVICES AS SOURCES OF WEALTH CREATION FOR ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA.

Abstract
The study investigated fee based services as sources of wealth creation for academic libraries in Nigeria. The study was guided by three research questions. A purposive sampling technique was used to select a population of 100 librarians in academic libraries in Nigeria from the whatsApp group platform of the Academic and Research Library Section (ARLs) of the Nigerian Library Association consisting of a total of 448 members spanning federal, state, private University libraries and research libraries in Nigeria. A web survey research design was adopted for the study. The entire population of 100 was used because it was a manageable number. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire created with Google form. After a period of one month of repeated reminders, forty ( 40%) responses were recorded. Data were analyzed using mean and standard deviation. On the scale, the average cut-off mean was 2.50, hence, an item was accepted if it was 2.50 or above. However, it is rejected if it is below 2.50. They study revealed that the libraries under study adopted very few fee based services; photocopying/reprographic services, library card replacement, fines for overdue items and binding services. In as much as few fee based services were adopted, the extent to which they contributed to wealth creation was high. The study also found out challenges that hinder the success of fee based services to include lack of fee based policy framework, poor access to ICT facilities, lack of appropriate infrastructure, inadequate basic skills services needed for fee based operations, low awareness level of available fee-based services, changes in information profession and poor power supply. The study recommended among others that charges for fee based services remain affordable to encourage patronage and avoid losing clients to other information provider thereby increasing revenue for the library.

AKPOM, C. C. (PH.D, CLN) ORAEKWE, CHIDIMMA. G. IKE PATRICIA. C AND ENEM, F. N. (PH.D

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VIRTUAL REFERENCE SERVICES: A REALISTIC APPROACH FOR EFFECTIVE REFERENCE SERVICES IN NIGERIAN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES

Abstract
The paper discussed the concept of reference services/materials, nature and its usefulness for effective reference services in Nigerian University libraries. The paper further provided overview of virtual libraries, and discussed virtual reference service, impact of information communication technology on virtual reference services, characteristics of virtual reference service, the need for implementation of virtual references services in university libraries, role of virtual reference service in information provision and organization of virtual reference service and its benefits in academic libraries. The benefits include access to the library‟s resources at anytime from anywhere, reached with ease, greater interaction between the librarian and the patron. More so, the challenges of virtual reference service in Nigeria and approaches for effective virtual reference services were highlighted.
Keywords: Virtual reference services, reference services, university libraries.

ONI OLALEKAN ABAYOMI PATRICK PHANUEL UMORIYA DUNG ASABE PAM And AJAGU IFEYINWA UKAMAKA

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STUDENTS INDUSTRIAL TRAINING AND DEVELOPMENT OF INFORMATION SKILLS FOR EMPLOYABILITY OF LIBRARIANS IN NIGERIA

Abstract>
Information skills, which are sometimes referred to as media literacy or digital literacy skills, refer to your ability to identify, assess, organize, utilize and communicate information in any format. Information skill is the ability to find, evaluate and use information effectively. Though these skills are important in a wide range of situations, they are particularly valuable when evaluating the quality and credibility of a website, attributing credit to a source, acquiring new knowledge, solving a problem or making a decision, which is why they are essential for functioning effectively in the workplace. Student’s Industrial Training which is seen as an on the job training or before the job training is designed to provide technical skills, work ethics and industry experience in a course field or course program. Students’ Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) is a human capital formation programme through industrial attachment for which students are expected to have a practical experience on the basis of theories and principles acquired in the teaching-learning process. This paper therefore discusses the student’s industrial training and development of information skills for employability of librarians in nigeria, benefits of industrial training and job opportunities for LIS graduates in Nigeria. This paper concludes that Student’s Industrial Training is a stepping tool to having a work experience and it also creates a pathway of long lasting work experience which is capable in taking one far in life.
Keywords: Information, Information Skills, Industrial Training, Employment and Employability
Paper type: Conceptual

UGWOKE, SARAH CHINAGOROM PHANUEL, PATRICK UMORIYA And MAJINDU, RUFINA KOSISOCHI

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LIBRARY PROMOTION AND UTILISATION OF INFORMATION RESOURCES FOR ENHANCING EMPLOYABILITY: A STUDY OF TWO ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN PLATEAU STATE.

Abstract
Purpose: The paper examined library promotion and utilisation of information resources in enhancing employability in two academic libraries in Plateau State. The study highlighted promotional strategies employed by Federal College of Education, Pankshin and University of Jos libraries. It identified the level of awareness and understanding among library staff regarding the role of utilizing information resources in enhancing employability. Design/Methodology/Approach: The descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. Total enumeration technique was used on ninety-four (94) professional and paraprofessional librarians. Questionnaire was used as the instrument for data collection. Descriptive statistics such as mean and standard deviation were used in data analysis and presentation. Findings: User survey studies, library tours, suggestion boxes, and user education were the main promotion going on. No social media library campaigns. Lack of promotion, competition from other sources, lack of ICT skills, and librarians having notion that promotion is not library work are factors hindering utilisation of resources. Implication: Library promotion leads to utilisation of information resources which will promote the enhancement employability of librarians.
Keywords: Library promotion, academic library, utilisation of information resources, enhancement employability
Paper Type: Empirical research

ONYEKE, EMMANUEL ONYEKE ASOGWA, AMUCHE MARYROSE and IBEH, LILIAN IFEYINWA

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OPTIMIZING INFOPRENEURIAL OPPORTUNITIES FOR FINANCIAL SATISFACTION AMONG LIBRARIANS IN NIGERIAN UNIVERSITIES.

Abstract
The paper discussed the general concept of infopreneurship, types of infopreneurship services provided, purpose of infopreneur ship, financial satisfaction of infopreneur ship among librarians, challenges facing infopreneur ship, the paper also discussed the skills required in engaging in infopreneur ship. The paper concluded that infopreneur ship is an instrument of self- emancipation and socio-economic development. It therefore recommended that librarians should go into various types of infopreneur ship in which they have comparative advantage in order to maximize their involvement in business. The librarians going into infopreneurship should also employ information and communication technology- driven tools to provide effective and efficient infopreneurial services to clients.
Keywords: Infopreneur ship, entrepreneurship, financial satisfaction, librarians, universities

TAGWAI, AMINU (CLN) MANGBON, NVMU ELIJAH (CLN) and AKAMONYE, IFEYINWA G (CLN)

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PATTERN OF INTERNET USE AMONG LIBRARIANS IN FEDERAL UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN SOUTH-EAST, NIGERIA

Abstract
The study investigated pattern of internet use among librarians in three Federal university libraries in Southeast Nigeria. Three research objectives guided the study, covering internet facilities available, pattern of internet use by the librarians, and purpose of internet use by the librarians. The study adopted survey research design. The population comprises 30 principal librarians and University librarians in the three Federal University libraries in South-east, Nigeria. A total of 27 copies of the questionnaire were returned. Interview was conducted and observation was made on internet facilities to determine the authenticity of the respondents’ responses. Findings revealed that major internet facilities available in the libraries include laptops, cybercafé, institutional website, institutional virtual library, desktop computers, wireless fidelity, cable modem, computer networking (local/wide area network), broadband internet, satellite dish and e-mail. The findings equally revealed that internet is used majorly in the libraries for sending and receiving mail, chatting, reading news and sports information, downloading music, researching for products and services, downloading images, searching for job online, and cataloguing. Based on the findings, the study recommended that library management should encourage their staff especially librarians to improve on their use of internet facilities available in the university libraries.
Keywords: Internet Use, Librarians, University Libraries, internet facilities,

UGONNA B. FIDELUGWUOWO

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INTRODUCTION OF FEE-BASED SHORT TRAINING COURSES FOR SUBSCRIPTION SUSTENANCE FOR NEW LIBRARY OPERATIONS IN THE PROPOSED CCMAS FOR ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA.


Abstract The paper examines the introduction of fee based short training courses as a way of sustaining the newly introduced library operations in the core curriculum minimum academic standard for university education in Nigeria. The newly introduced library operations are heavily subscribed in foreign currency and considering Nigeria exchange rates, there is need to think outside the box to device strategies to enable the library sustain the annual payment for the subscription. The paper is guided by four objectives, a conceptual clarification highlighting the major concepts in the paper, the concept of fee base services in the library, an overview of the newly introduced library operations in the CCMAS, ways in which libraries can sustain the subscription to the newly introduced library operations for advanced hands-on training of undergraduates for employability. This paper identified the challenges of funds to sustain the heavy subscription involved, and that caution needs to be taken to sustain the subscription and avoid putting a stop to the library operations proposed in the CCMAS. Introducing short courses for a fee will also help generate revenue which will be used to avert the challenges of funding for RDA and WorldCat subscriptions as well as the class web and other operations introduced in the CCMAS and also address a few challenges in the introduction of fee-based services, as the overall benefits of this concept are laudable

ASEN, ANITA TERSUR OKECHUKWU,OBEDIAH CHUKWUKA CLN and CHIMEZIE KINGSLEY OKOROAFOR

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FREELANCING: GREAT OPPORTUNITIES FOR LIBRARY AND INFORMATION PROFESSIONALS

Abstract
This paper conceptualizes freelancing for librarians and opportunities that abound for library and information professionals to earn more income with the skills they have acquired. It discusses the concept of freelancing, the advantages of freelancing such as earning in multiple currencies, freedom, flexible working hours, self and time management, location flexibility, compensation and earnings control, and improved skill set. It also discusses some of the freelancing opportunities for graduates in library and information science, such as researchers and research assistants, ghostwriting, writing case studies, managing social media handles, writing blogs, digital marketing, copywriting, writing white papers etc. The paper concluded by highlighting strategies such as choosing a niche, defining services & offerings, finding a target audience, determining pricing structure, building your portfolio with past jobs, writing great proposals, building good relationships and trust with clients, and continuous skills improvement to enable librarians to excel in freelancing and benefit from the huge opportunities that abound in freelancing. The paper also made recommendations to inculcate freelancing into library and information science entrepreneurship education.
Keywords: Librarians; Freelancer; Freelancing; Opportunities; Entrepreneurship, Library and Information Science.

ASOGWA, CHINAKO and MADUBUKO, MICHEAL NNAEMEKA

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LIBRARIANS’ PREPAREDNESS FOR ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR OPTIMAL SERVICE DELIVERY IN UNIVERSITY LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA

Abstract
This paper investigates the preparedness of librarians in Nigerian university libraries for the adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and explores its potential impact on service delivery. The study draws on existing research and studies conducted in the Nigerian context, highlighting the importance of AI adoption in university libraries as crucial information hubs. Despite the awareness of AI technologies among librarians, there is a lack of in-depth understanding and practical experience in implementing AI solutions. AI technologies offer several benefits for university libraries, including the automation of routine tasks, personalized recommendations for users, and data-driven decision-making. Challenges faced by librarians include the absence of formal training programs, limited access to resources and infrastructure, and the rapid pace of technological advancements. However, to address these challenges, librarians need to be equipped with the necessary skills and knowledge. The study recommends strategies such as incorporating AI-related courses and training programs, fostering collaboration and partnerships, providing professional development opportunities, offering research and innovation grants, and establishing networking and online communities. The successful integration of AI in Nigerian university libraries requires proactive measures by librarians, collaboration with experts, and the prioritization of user-centric approaches. Adequate funding and ongoing evaluation are crucial for optimizing AI initiatives. By embracing AI technologies, Nigerian university libraries can enhance service delivery, efficiently manage information, and meet the evolving needs of users in the digital age.
Keywords: Librarians, Artificial Intelligence, Service Delivery, University Libraries, Nigeria, Preparedness.

OBIORA CHUKWUEMEKA HUBERT-NWANGWU AND IJANTIKU, CHARLES MOSES

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PARTNERSHIP IN LIS EDUCATION AND PRACTICE FOR GRADUATE EMPLOYMENT AND EMPLOYABILITY IN THE DIGITAL ERA

Abstract
Over the years libraries have been working in partnership with private and public institutions towards achieving growth and sustainable development as well as improving services offered to their patrons. This paper therefore, provides some insights on library and information science education and practice in Nigeria. Attempts were made to look at the concept of partnership and its benefits for both library and information science educators and practicing professionals. This paper identifies the power of partnership in enhancing employment and employability of library and information science graduates and practicing professionals. Through partnership, the required knowledge and skills can be acquired for librarians and information professionals to enhance their employment and employability. Some examples and specific benefits of partnership in libraries were examined as useful guide for other stakeholders to adapt. The recommendations from this paper include engagement in partnership with relevant professional organizations, organizing short courses to address skills gap in library and information science students and practicing librarians, and to encourage librarians to participate actively in relevant programmes such as training and certification by CISCO Academy.
KEYWORDS: LIS Education and Practice, Partnership in Libraries, LIS Professionals, LIS Graduates.

IBRAHIM M. M. FURFURI, Ph.D

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CATALOGUING EDUCATION IN THE DIGITAL ERA: THE NEED FOR CURRICULUM REFORM FOR THE WORLD OF WORK

Abstract
Cataloguing is a vital component of librarianship profession, but the decline in cataloguing education has resulted in a decline in the quality of records being contributed to bibliographic databases. Hence, the need for cataloguing education curriculum reform in this digital era where digital seems everything and everything seems digital is inevitable. The paper focuses on cataloguing education in the digital era and the need for curriculum reform for the world of work. There is outstanding evidence that cataloging education which is the hallmark of library and information science profession will go into extinction if nothing is done to revive it through proactive curriculum reforms that drive in the digital era. Thus, cataloguing education should incorporate the rationale for verity of the profession in a changing world work.
Key Words: Cataloguing, Cataloguing Education, Digital era, Curriculum and Curriculum reform

EKENNA, UGOCHI CHIOMA EZEMA, ANEZI LEONARD and ISIWU, BLESSING NGOZ

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BUILDING WEALTH WITH PREMIUM FEE-BASED LIBRARY SERVICES: A COMPREHENSIVE GUIDE

Abstract
Libraries have long been valued for their role in providing free access to information and promoting literacy. However, in the face of changing funding models and budget constraints, libraries are increasingly exploring alternative revenue streams to sustain their operations and expand their services. This paper examines the concept of fee-based library services. It discusses the evolving landscape of library funding, highlighting the challenges faced by traditional funding sources. It also explores the potential benefits and considerations of implementing fee- based services within libraries. The paper further identifies various monetizable library services that can be offered for a fee. Additionally, the paper addresses concerns regarding equity and access, emphasizing the importance of maintaining a balance between free and fee-based services. It uncovers strategies for ensuring that essential services remain accessible to underserved populations while offering value-added services to those willing to pay for enhanced experiences. Furthermore, the article delves into innovative approaches to marketing and promoting fee-based library services to maximize their potential impact. In conclusion, the paper stated that implementing fee-based library services can contribute to the financial sustainability of libraries, enabling them to continue providing free and accessible resources to the community while expanding their offerings and enhancing user experiences.
Key Words: Fee-based, Library services, Wealth

AGBO AMAOGE DORATHY (PhD, CLN) ENYINNAH AUGUSTINE UCHE (PhD, CLN) and JACOB F. TSEGBA (PhD, CLN)

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KNOWLEDGE SHARING AMONG ACADEMIC LIBRARIANS IN NIGERIA: A REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Abstract
It has often been said that knowledge is a distinct commodity and its true value can only be achieved when it is shared among people. Knowledge has become a competitive factor that provides an essential cause for both individual and organizational success. Librarians need to enhance knowledge sharing through their profession to gain and maintain their veritable positions as knowledge carriers and knowledge workers. This is because the current industrial and knowledge society is steadily being advanced by science and technologies, creating an entire different world of knowledge. This world is also influencing individuals, organizations, nations and societies. User‟s expectations are greatly influenced by these changes. They expects to be served better when they visit libraries and they are ever ready to check on other Information Service Providers (ISPs) when their information needs are not satisfied. Therefore, for librarians to perform better and deliver exceptional services in the current knowledge society, they need to gain new knowledge through knowledge sharing. This has also become needful to enable them face competitions, perform better in their services and conquer ignorance. This paper therefore reviews opinions and views of different authors on knowledge sharing among librarians in Nigeria. It gives a conceptual clarification and insight about knowledge, knowledge sharing, and its benefits among academic librarians, barriers to knowledge sharing among academic librarians and made some recommendations.
Keywords: >Librarians, Knowledge, Knowledge Sharing

OKORO, CAROLINE A. (Ph.D) and AUGUSTINE U. ENYINNAH (PhD)

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RESEARCH DATA MANAGEMENT SERVICES IN NIGERIAN ENERGY RESEARCH INSTITUTES: A STUDY OF AWARENESS, POLICY, PRACTICE AND NEW ROLES FOR INFORMATION PROFESSIONALS.

Abstract
Over the past few years businesses across all sectors including energy industries have actively adopted data-driven strategies to address issues and provide solutions to problems. Considering the minimal studies conducted on RDM services, policies and practices in Nigeria, this literature review draws attention to the drivers of RDM policies and practices of other countries succeeding in providing RDM services with the view of understanding why it needs to be adopted to manage data produced by researchers in Nigeria‟s energy sector and how RDM services offers new potential roles for information professionals. It was recommended that Nigeria can learn from other countries experiences while developing their own RDM policies and services. In addition, Information professionals must be flexible in adapting to the changes that might occur in the structural organisational culture of the library due to the new roles being introduced to provide support for research data management services.
Key words: Research data management, Data management services, Research data, Information professionals, Energy research institutes.

NGOZI ODILI

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INFORMATION CONSULTANCY SERVICES FOR EFFECTIVE CONTROL OF HIV/AIDS IN NORTH-CENTRAL, NIGERIA

Abstract
This paper examines the significance of Information consultancy services in the effective control of HIV/AIDS in Nigerias North Central region. The paper explores the prevalence of HIV/AIDS in the North Central region, the socio-cultural factors influencing its spread, and the importance of tailored approaches to information dissemination by librarians as consultants. consultancy services such as literature search and review, data and statistics management, monitoring and evaluation support, policy and program support and resource mapping were reviewed. Case studies such as the ART Adherence Campaign and the Youth-Led Peer Education Program" were examined to illustrate the positive outcome that can be achieved through well-designed information dissemination initiatives by consultants. It was found from previous reviews that information consultancy services are instrumental in raising awareness, promoting behavior change, and improving access to prevention, testing, treatment, and support services and as such these services have in them major employment potentials for intending librarians. Challenges to effective information consultancy services for HIV/AIDS control were indentified and it was recommended among others that consultants should tailor information and messaging to the specific needs, cultural contexts, and literacy levels of the target audience.
Keywords: Information Dissemination, Consultancy services, HIV/AIDS, HIV/AIDS Control

AUDU PATRICIA OOMO And OCHONYE, ABEL ONCHE

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FEE-BASED LIBRARY SERVICES FOR WEALTH CREATION IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES

Abstract
The study focused on fee-based library services for wealth creation in academic libraries. Due to the meager library allocation, there is the need for academic libraries to think outside the box. Different fee- based library services were exhaustively discussed and highlighted in the study. They are the bindery unit, photocopying services, internet/typesetting services, membership registration, overdue charges, library clearance, laminating services, library bookshops, editorial work and publishing and printing. The benefits for fee-based library services were spelt out. Challenges affecting fee-based service as well as recommendation were proffered.
Keywords: Fee-based. Library services, Wealth creation, Academic libraries

SARAH OKPA JOSIAH Ph.D And MENSAH CHUKWUDI PATRICK

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DIGITAL REFERENCE SERVICES IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES: GAINS, CHALLENGES AND ENHANCEMENT STRATEGIES

Abstract
The study examined the gains, challenges and enhancement strategies for digital reference services in academic libraries. It adopted a systematic conceptual literature review method. The study revealed that digital reference services involved library users, librarians, the interface and the information resources such as CD-based resources, Web-based resources or print resources. The study further showed that digital reference services are dependent on relevant skills which include online communication skills, online search skills, reference interview skills, etc. The study showed that the provision of digital reference services in academic libraries are hampered by a number of factors including poor funding of academic libraries, poor attitude of management of academic institutions toward the libraries, poor technological skills of librarians, lack of awareness by library users, poor internet connectivity, lack of adequate training of reference librarians on ICT skills, etc. Therefore, it is recommended in line with the need to institutionalized and implement digital reference services in academic libraries, that management of academic institutions should provide adequate funds for the academic libraries, provide constant power supply, and internet services while librarians, especially reference librarians should be trained and retrained on digital reference services skills.

MENSAH, CHUKWUDI PATRICK, PHD

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PUBLIC RELATIONS PRACTICES AND ADVOCACY AS STRATEGIC TOOLS FOR PROMOTING PATRONAGE OF LIBRARY SERVICES

Abstract
The aim of this paper was to examine the use of public relations practices and advocacy as strategic tools for promoting patronage of library services. The paper is an opinion paper based on literature analysis on the topic. Public relation practices and advocacy in the library are very essential in ensuring that users are aware of the services and resources available in the library as well as receiving public support and increase in patronage. The paper observed that for library services and patronage to stay in the current information environment, it is important they adopt effective promotional strategies to help meet the organizational mission, goals and objectives. The paper identified and examined promotional tools like printing of brochures, flyers, newsletters, development of library website, library display and exhibitions, application of social media and use of internet etc. For enhancing public relation practices, the paper recommended that library managers should advocate for funds from the government, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and policy makers in order to maintain the image of the library. Librarians should also improve on various public relation and advocacy skills such as good communication skills, research skills, good writing skills, computer and ICT literacy and evaluation skills so that they can promote their resources and services physically and remotely for improved library patronage. Other recommendations include: provision of facilities such as projectors, television signage and directional facilities etc.; improved library staff training; and reorientation.

OKUBE, NWAKAEGO PROF. AUSTIN J. C. MOLE And EDE, MATTHEW

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ELECTRONIC AND NON- ELECTRONIC FEE -BASED SERVICES FOR EFFECTIVE SERVICE DELIVERY IN NNAMDI AZIKIWE LIBRARY, UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA, NSUKKA

Abstract
This paper examined the electronic and non-electronic fee-based services in Nnamdi Azikiwe Library, (NAL) University of Nigeria, Nsukka. The work is a survey design study with population of 129 professional and non-professional librarians. A total of 124 professional and non-professional librarians were used for the study. Interview, observation and questionnaire were used as instrument of data collection. The questionnaire was developed using Google Form to collect data for the study. The results were analyzed with the use of Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) of frequency and mean to analyze the data. Result revealed that electronic and non-electronic fee- based services offered in NAL include printing, lamination, photocopying, binding services, library pass fee, levying charges for lost or over-due books, and replacement of lost library cards for all categories of students and staff including clearance fee for lost library cards for grandaunds. However, it was discovered that NAL is yet to implement some fee-based services such as laptop lending, information repackaging, digital reference services among others Also, the study showed that these services have contributed in no small measure to increase revenue generation, increases library users patronage and visibility among others. Lack of fund was fund and poor planning and lack of policy were found to be among the major challenges confronting fee-based services in NAL. Adequate planning and formulation of fee-based service policy, equipping staff with marketing skills and provision of quality services that will arouse the interest of library users were all strategies found that will enhance fee-based services for effective service delivery in NAL.

ALI ADIZETU A. (PhD) and NWAFOR, MICHAEL CHIGOZIE,

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ADVOCACY FOR EMPLOYABILITY OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE GRADUATES: THE CONTRIBUTORY ROLE OF MARKETING.

Abstract
Libraries and their professionals are presently experiencing changes in the new information age, due to rapidly changing media and information technology, increasing information seekers preference and expectations, competition from other information providers such as internet and poor library budgets. These situations require library and information science professionals utilizing marketing approaches to strategically prepare themselves and the libraries as information super-highways that individuals cannot do without. This study therefore present marketing as a way to advocate for the employability of library and information science graduates. It discussed the position of librarians in this advocacy, the importance of marketing as a tool for the advocacy, Strategies for marketing, barriers to the advocacy for employability of LIS graduates and possible solutions to the identified problems.
Keywords: Marketing, advocacy, Employability and LIS Graduates

EZUGWU, CLETUS OBINNA OGBUABOR DAMIAN CHIMEZIE And NGWU, GRACE CHIDIEBERE

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UTILIZATION OF ELECTRONIC LIBRARY RESOURCES AND FEE-BASED LIBRARY SERVICES FOR EFFECTIVE INFORMATION RETRIEVAL BY COLLEGE LIBRARY USERS

Abstract
This paper examines the utilization of electronic library resources and fee-based library services for effective information retrieval by college library users. Library utilization, however, refers to the extent of usage of libraries by users. In conclusion, Fee-based library services, is an improved and advanced way of information services provision, which is not quite long in the college libraries system but it has expanded beyond the usual conventional fee-based information provision and delivery system practiced presently in some college libraries. This study would serve as a relevant source of literature to library users undertaking research work related to this work easy accessibility and availability of the kind of e- resources they need, to the librarians, information professionals, information scientists and other staff. This work would serve as a guide and working document upon which their services can be directed or anchored, the study will reveal to librarians of college libraries the trend relating to electronic library resources, provision, utilization, accessibility and services to new development in the provision of electronic library resources to users.

DOGARA , PETER DAVID and ABAKA, JOSHUA And OJI, SAMUEL EJEMBI

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ADVANCED ROUTINE, TRENDS AND CHALLENGES OF COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT IN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA

Abstract
This work discusses the advanced routine, trends and challenges of collection development in academic libraries in Nigeria. Librarians play unique roles in academic libraries as information professionals, in the course of gathering, systematize, synchronize, retrieval and access to the available information resources for their clientele. This process is key to a functional library and passes through processes and stages for appropriate dissemination of information. This work evaluates the methods of collection development, Preservation of Library Collection, New Trends in Collection Development, Challenges of collection Development, and Solutions for Improving Collection Development in Academic Libraries. The work concludes that new policies and methods of collection development should be introduced by libraries to satisfactorily meet the users demand.
Keywords: Advanced Routines, Collection Development, Trends, Challenges

ASHAVER, DOOSUUR DIANNE IGYUVE, SANDRA MWUESE And OLAJIDE, ADEBAYO AFOLABI

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DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY SKILLS NEEDED BY GRADUATE LIBRARIANS FOR EMPLOYMENT AND EMPLOYABILITY CAPABILITIES IN NIGERIA

Abstract
The paper examined digital technology skills needed by graduate librarians for employment and employability capabilities in Nigeria. The paper is a reflective piece examining the skills needed by graduate librarians for employment and employability with the use of digital technology and digital media to shape for effective information service delivery. The paper argued that skills in digital technology services such as computer, Internet, electronic resources, mobile technology, cloud computing, social media and web content management have brought easy access that connects cyber, virtual and physical space in advancing information service delivery in libraries. However, literature shows disparities as many Library and Information Science Professionals in developing countries are still lagging behind to demonstrate skills in computer operation, search engine strategies, interacting and marketing library services with the use of social media and download relevant electronic resources. The paper maintained that in spite of these gaps in acquiring skills among library and information science professionals, empirical studies have indicated that skills in cloud computing, big data, social media, smart phones, digital cameras, sensors and Internet of Things are contributing significantly in assisting library and information science professional in the provision and dissemination of information. The paper concluded that digital technologies in the 2st century are meant to bridge the prevailing information provision gaps in the delivery of information by library and information science professionals.
Keywords: Skills, digital technology, Electronic Resources, Internet, Cloud Library

YAKUBU ATTAHIRU LIMAN, PHD and JIKA SAIDU MUHAMMAED PHD

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ENHANCING LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE EDUCATION FOR GRADUATE EMPLOYMENT AND EMPLOYABILITY IN KOGI STATE

Abstract
Library and Information Science (LIS) education plays a crucial role in preparing graduates for successful careers in the ever-evolving information landscape. As the field continues to experience rapid technological advancements and shifting user expectations, it becomes imperative for LIS programs to adapt their curricula to enhance graduate employment and employability. This paper explores the key elements that contribute to the effective preparation of LIS graduates for the changing demands of the job market. This includes, the integration of emerging technologies within LIS education, development of interdisciplinary competencies, experiential learning and practical engagement, fostering a global perspective is vital in today's interconnected world and continuous professional development.
Keywords: Library and information science, professional, education, employment, employability

OHANADO, CLARA CHIBUZOR (CLN)

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EMPLOYABILITY SKILLS FOR GRADUATES OF LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE IN NIGERIA

Abstract
Acquisition and utilisation of employability skills remains the sine qua non to creation of job, reduction of unemployment and employability of library and information science professionals in era of competition with other alternative information service providers. It is on this note that the paper explains the concept of employability, employability skills needed by graduate in library and information science, employment opportunities for library and information science professionals. Using a desk review method, this paper discussed the various factors that influence the acquisition employability skills by graduate of library and information science which include: lack of qualified staff, inadequate emphasis on employability skills in LIS Curriculum, Lack of leadership skills and Information Communication Technology (ICT) skills and Ignorance and lack of motivation on the part of the students to develop themselves. Some of the strategies to enhance the acquisition of employability skills for graduates of library and information science such as inclusion and implementation of well-developed curriculum with emphasis on employability skills, employment of qualified lecturers with sound pedagogy and provision of enabling environment for teaching and learning of library and information science in accredited institutions of higher learning.
Keywords: Employability, Employability Skills, Graduates, Library and information Science

AUGUSTINA CHINYERE CHIME LOVETH OGOEGBUNAM EKWUEME PH.D, CLN AND CHARITY CHINYERE ATTAMA

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REAPPRAISAL AND REPOSITIONING OF NIGERIA’S EDUCATION SYSTEM FOR EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION OF ITS CURRICULUM TO ENHANCE EMPLOYABILITY OF ITS YOUTHS

Abstract
This paper discusses the youth unemployment predicament in contemporary Nigeria which is highest among those in the 18-25-year age bracket; a large number of them university graduates. Rural poverty continues to drive youths from their natal villages in large numbers to the cities, in search of non-existing jobs. Many resign themselves to the meanest odd jobs; others take to various crimes. Nigeria‟s food dependency deepens despite the fact that numerous universities yearly churn out graduates and professors in various fields of agriculture. Thus, the education system is producing mostly job seekers, not job creators. This contradiction is happening against the backdrop of the current 6-3-3-4 education system which was designed to produce the requisite human capacity for achieving sustainable agricultural, industrial and general growth resulting principally from youth self-employment. This paper stresses the need for faithful implementation of the 6-3-3-4 through learning by doing, based on a Siamese correlation of theory and practice. This will make for vocational skills training, for increasing employment outcomes for target groups. The study is conceptual and relies on current literature in the discourse. Findings show that poor implementation of the 6-3-3-4 education system, not the system itself, is producing job-seeking rather than self-reliant employed youths .The study thus concludes that with effective implementation, including adequate funding, the 6-3-3-4 system of education, will produce youths with the required vocational skills and consequently reduce both unemployment and under-employment among them.
Key words: Education systems, repositioning, effective implementation, self reliant youths.

EZI ONWUKA NJOKU and NGOZI EUNICE OSADEBE

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JOB SPECIALIZATION PREFERENCES OF POSTGRADUATES IN TWO PRIVATE LIBRARY SCHOOLS IN SOUTH-WEST, NIGERIA: A CASE FOR CATALOGUING AND CLASSIFICATION

Abstract
The study examined job specialisation preferences of Masters in Library and Information Science (MLIS) students in cataloguing and classification in Leadcity University, Ibadan, Oyo State and Adeleke University, Ede, Osun State library schools. The study was guided by five research questions. Descriptive survey design was adopted while total enumeration of 72 postgraduates was used in the study. The instrument used to generate data was questionnaire, while data collected was analyzed with the use of inferential statistics. A total of 33 copies of the questionnaires were useful for analysis out of the 45 retrieved from the respondents. Result revealed among others that: majority 19 (57.6%) of the respondents studied library and information science during their undergraduates programmes; majority of postgraduates with =2.59 have positive perception towards cataloguing and classification courses; and 24 (72.7%) respondents were willing to work in cataloguing and classification section at the end of their programmes. The course should be taught using relevant tools, cataloguing and classification laboratory should be equipped with relevant resources, and students should develop interest in the courses in order to improve their willingness to work in cataloguing and classification section of library and information after graduation.
Keywords: Cataloguing; Classification; Job specialization; Library schools; Postgraduates.

SAMUEL OKE OGUNNIYI, PH.D AZINO OSCARAND AKPOKURERIE and ENO LOUISA OKEDELE

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INFOPRENEURSHIP AS TOOL FOR ENHANCING EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES FOR LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE STUDENTS AND GRADUATES IN NIGERIA

Abstract
Purpose – The aim of the paper is to determine Infopreneurship As Tool For Enhancing Employment Opportunities For Library And Information Science Students and Graduates In Nigeria. The concept of infopreneurship, infopreneurship requisite competencies, areas of infopreneurship, and its challenges were discussed. Design/methodology/approach - This study is based on a review of available literature on infoprenueurship. Findings - The results of the review of relevant subject literature indicate that infopreneurship, as a feature of the information sector, is practiced in Nigeria. Additionally, it has established that infopreneurship is constantly developing as a new concept. Notwithstanding its challenges, the findings of infopreneurship, show that infopreneurship can be a tool for employment opportunities for LIS students and graduates in Nigeria. Originality/value – The review has brought together related studies in the area in Nigeria and has been updated using the most current studies, providing new information and knowledge for further practice, research, teaching and learning in the area of infoprenuership.
Keywords: Infopreneur, information consultant,Iinfopreneurship, information broker.

CHIBUZOR LIVINA DIM PH.D And PROF. A. J. C. MOLE PH.D

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ENTREPRENEURIAL LIBRARIANSHIP FOR ENHANCED EMPLOYMENT AND EMPLOYABILITY

Abstract
This paper discusses the meaning and relevance of Library and Information Science (LIS) in the society. It also examined entrepreneurial librarianship and its roles in promoting employment and employability for librarians. It also examined the concepts of employment, employability, entrepreneurship education, and discussed marketing LIS services as a tool for entrepreneurship success as well as challenges of entrepreneurial business. The paper also identifies the opportunities available in LIS profession which the researchers believe will reduce unemployment and enhance employment and employability for librarians.
Key words: Entrepreneur, Librarianship, Employment and Employability. Introduction

MADU, BLESSING IFEOMA AMADI, EUCHARIA EBUBECHI And AKAMONYE, IFEYINWA G.

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MENTOR-MENTEE RELATIONSHIP AMONG LECTURERS AND STUDENTS OF UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA LIBRARY SCHOOL, NSUKKA FOR ENHANCED STUDENTS/GRADUATES EMPLOYABILITY

Abstract
The study examined the mentor-mentee relationship among lecturers and students of University of Nigeria Library School, Nsukka for enhanced students/graduates employability. Descriptive survey design was adopted for the study. The population of the study is the entire 239 undergraduates in the Department of Library and Information Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka. The study used the entire undergraduate population. Structured questionnaire was used to collect data from the respondents. The data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation. The findings revealed that mentorship is provided for key areas of employability such as effective communication, leadership skills, emerging digital skills, and interpersonal relationship. The students have positive perception of the mentor-mentee relationship that exist between the lecturers and the students. The mentor-mentee relationship has the significant potentials to enhance employability of the students. The major challenges are lack of resources for mentoring of students, negative perception of mentor-mentee relationship among students, lack of departmental policy on mentorship of students, and lack of mentoring skills among lecturers. The study recommended that, the library school management should formulate a comprehensive departmental policy on mentorship of students which will serve as guide to the mentor-mentee relationship in the department. The library school management should provide adequate resources needed for mentoring of students. This will be achieved through sourcing for fund from the university management or from private individuals who were former students of the department among others.
Keywords: Mentorship, Mentor-Mentee Relationship, Library School, Employability

OJI, NWACHUKWU

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ADJUSTING TO NEW NORMAL IN THE FACE OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC LOCKDOWN: A STUDY OF PUBLIC ACADEMIC LIBRARIES IN BENUE STATE, NIGERIA

Abstract
This study investigated how public academic libraries in Benue State were adjusting to new normal during Covid-19 lockdown and the challenges faced during the process. The study employed descriptive survey research design. The population of the study and sample was 100 public academic library professionals. Data was collected through questionnaire and analyzed with the use of descriptive statistics such as frequencies, mean and standard deviation. Results show that the public academic libraries in the state were adjusting to new normal during covid- 19 lockdown through the use of social media, blog, library website, email and SMS notifications for information provision and dissemination. However, inadequate access to the affordable ICT facilities, lack of functional website, inadequate social media skills, lack of proper implementation of ICT policies, stress, inconsistent power supply, poor network connection and management resistance to covid-19 change were identified as the challenges confronting public academic libraries in a bid to adjusting to new normal. The study recommends among others that public academic libraries should also view and utilize QR codes, Wechat, television and radio as other means of adjusting to new normal during and after covid-19.

MANASSEH TYUNGU SAMBE CLN AND THADDEOUS NGUECHIA IORYEM CLN, MLIS

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INTRODUCING RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION (RFID) FOR IMPLEMENTATION IN LIBRARIES IN NIGERIA

Abstract
Noting that libraries have evolved from being mere stacks of small amount of collections to enormous holdings of book and media related materials, this paper blended researchers experience with available literature to introduce a new technological trend called radio frequency identification (RFID) to libraries. As an efficient technology that ensures security control, effective shelf management, and speedy circulation services in libraries, the paper highlighted the components of RFID as a library management system, and sequentially explained how to implement it in libraries. Whilst acknowledging the vulnerability and possible removal of RFID tags from library materials as an obvious drawback for the RFID technology, this paper recommended four ways to overcome the drawback and maximize RFID technology in libraries.
Keywords: Radio Frequency Identification, RFID technology, RFID library management system

DR C. P. UZUEGBU and DR A. D. AGBO

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ESSENTIAL SKILL AND COMPETENCY NEEDS FOR EMPLOYMENT AND MARKETABILITY BY LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE PROFESSIONALS IN THE 21ST CENTURY

Abstract:
The article highlights the skills and competencies needed by LIS professionals in effective marketing for job placement. Developments in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) have its positive effect on the library landscape. It has transformed the LIS profession bringing in new tools, for accessing, processing and disseminating information and the adoption of new technologies in the discharge of their duties. The need for the development and acquisition of requisite skills and competency abilities, that enables an individual to act effectively in a job is discussed. The concepts of competence and skill were also explained. The paper outlines and discusses the professional skills and technological competencies necessary for LIS professionals and considers how these are acquired and developed to survive in an ever changing technological environment and to meet the future challenges in the 21st century. The need for stakeholders to revisit the curriculum for uniformity and conformity to current needs for job marketability was also discussed, and based on the literature reviewed, recommendations was made.
Keywords: Employment, Marketability, LIS Professionals, Skills and Competencies

ENITE A. URHEFE- OKOTIE (PHD) CLN and ROSEMARY A. ODIACHI (PHD)

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EVALUATION OF INFORMATION NEEDS AND BEHAVIOR OF SCHOLARS AND PROFESSORIATES IN LOCAL ENVIRONMENT IN DEVELOPING REGIONS OF THE WORLD

Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this research is to evaluate information needs and behavior of scholars and professoriates in local environment in developing regions of the world Design/ Methodology/ Approach: The paper adopted conceptual approach. Concept of Information seeking, Information behavior for scholars, external environment factors, information needs of scholars, technological environment, literatures, sources used by the professoriates and conclusion. Implication: If we look at some other characteristics of science, we see that it is a very social activity, that it requires a huge knowledge base, it provides constant need for information, it produces a fair deal of controversy. There are enormous differences between various disciplines. Originality/Value: In recent years we have seen intensive debates over the changes in scholarly practice caused by increased accessibility of digital resources and tools. This has caused an evident and rapid trend towards the development of different information behaviors by scholars, what information resources they are using, how and when.
Keywords: Information needs, information behavior, professoriates, environmental factors, technological environments and innovation policies

GOSHIE RHODA WUSA ABU AHMED ADAMU AND ISIAKA CHIKA

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